Product Description
Product Description
Specifications: 490/435/390/315/290/265,
structure: connecting flange/drum gear coupling/telescopic spline shaft/drum gear coupling/connecting flange
Company profile
ZheJiang CZPT Group, founded in the 1990s and expanded at the beginning of this decade, is a comprehensive conglomerate engaged in project investment, design, manufacture, installation and debugging of metallurgical equipment, general equipment manufacture and metallurgical engineering turnkey.
Headquartered in HangZhou, a city in southeast coast, near the mountain and by the river, enjoying clean air and beautiful scenery, the Group consists of HangZhou CZPT Metallurgical Machinery Co., Ltd., ZheJiang Tianfeng Machinery Co., Ltd. and HangZhou Zhongfu Water Meter Co., Ltd. As a large key enterprise for heavy-duty metallurgical machinery manufacturing in the south of China, the Group now has more than 1,000 employees (including 100 technical professionals), covers an area of nearly (totaled) 96,000m2 and achieves a yearly equipment productivity of over 50,000 tons.
certificate
Technical equipment
Our advantages
The CZPT Group since the start-up since it has been tightly around the iron and steel industry, the field of small and medium-sized long products, hot-rolled production technology and equipment manufacturing – design – manufacturing – improved. He has more than 600 small and medium-sized steel mills to provide complete sets of production lines or professional non-standard equipment.
According to the needs of users (Production and field conditions), to provide technical advice and other services security:
Total plan layout and detailed process equipment layout, production technology;
On-site equipment installation instructions or contracting;
The production line commissioning technology guidance or contracting;
User staff technical training;
In the CZPT Group supplier performance, we are based on the accuracy and mechanical performance of the products, production scale requirements, flexible optimization of the mill models, heat treatment equipment, finishing equipment, a combination of design out with a small investment, and strong competition in the market, easy to operate and maintain the production line. We manufacture more than 100 production lines are for the owners of the country and even around the world to create a good economic benefits. We look forward to cooperate with more new customers, create value and effectiveness.
A mature long steel hot-rolled production line production technology and complete sets of equipment:
The ordinary bar production line – rolling φ8-φ25 specifications hot-rolled ribbed steel bar, round steel bar. Steel: carbon steel, high-quality carbon steel, structural steel; low-alloy steel; final rolling maximum speed of 15 m / s; can singlet rolling, can also be lane rolling, annual production of 10-30 million tons;
Ordinary wire rod production line – rolling φ5.5-φ10 (φ16) Specifications of hot-rolled ribbed steel wire rods, round steel rod; steel: carbon steel, high-quality carbon steel, structural steel; low-alloy steel; the final rolling maximum speed of 25 m / s; can singlet rolling, can also be lane rolling annual production of 10-30 million tons;
Medium section steel (angle bar, channel steel, I-beam, round steel, flat steel) production line – rolled the angle steel specifications 8 # -16 # (or larger), 10 # -18 # I-beam (or greater) , channel 10 # -20 # (or larger) flat steel 105 × 22-150 × 55 round steel Φ45-Φ160 (or greater); steel: high-quality carbon steel, carbon structural steel, low-alloy steel; annual production of 60-80 million tons.
Small section steel (angle bar, channel steel, I-beam, flat steel) production line – rolled angle steel specifications ≤ 10 # channel steel ≤ 12 # ≤ 12 # I-beam, flat steel ≤ 105 × 22; steel: high-quality carbon steel, carbon structural steel, low-alloy steel; annual production of 10-30 million tons.
Strip production line – rolled strip specifications width 125-450mm, 1.5-20mm thick. Steel: high-quality carbon steel, carbon structural steel, low-alloy steel; annual production of 20-50 million tons.
High-speed wire rod production line – the round steel rolling φ5.5-φ25 specifications wire rod, hot rolled the ribbed steel rod; steel: high-quality carbon steel, structural steel; low alloy steel, alloy steel, welding steel; final maximum rolling speed of 95m / s; singlet rolling two-lane rolling, annual production of 60-80 million tons;
High precision bar production line – φ10-φ60 specifications rolled round steel bar, hot-rolled ribbed steel straight; steel: high-quality carbon steel, structural steel; low alloy steel, alloy steel, etc.; final rolling speed 18m / s; singlet rolling, 2,3,4 line segmentation rolling, annual production of 60-100 million tons;
Custom-designed according to the special needs of mature production line:
High-speed wire – high-precision CZPT rod production line – to produce high-speed wire rod of high-precision round steel, hot-rolled ribbed steel bar, according to market demand, flexible arrangements for the production of varieties, with an annual output of up to 80 million metric tons.
Ordinary rod – line CZPT production line – can produce ordinary bars, wire round steel, hot-rolled ribbed steel bar and wire rod, flexible production varieties according to market demand.
Rod – shaped steel CZPT production line – can produce bar, round bar, I-beam, angle, channel steel, flat steel. Adapt to market ability.
Strip – wire CZPT production line – can produce strip width of 140-240mm thickness 2.0-3.5mm; wire φ6.5-φ10. Steel: carbon steel, high-quality carbon steel, low alloy steel; annual output of 200,000 tons.
Spring flat steel – bar production line – can produce spring flat (50-130) x (5-35), on behalf of the steel grade: 65Mn; rolled ribbed steel bars φ10-φ14, on behalf of steels: 20MnSi
Special alloy steel production line flexibility – according to the characteristics of alloy steel rolling special steel bar production line design, specification and production organizations.
Mill reducer types of production lines, all kinds of cooling bed, finishing equipment, roller conveyor by the Group designed and manufactured in its own high-quality equipment manufacturing plant. Our mill: short stress line mill, the closed high stiffness 2 roll mill, three-roll opening mill, opening a two-roll mill closed two-roll mill accumulated more than a thousand units already on the market, we have also developed for rolling H-shaped steel universal mill. Apron on steels for all types of production lines supporting stepper rack type cooling bed, ran trough steel stepping rack type cooling bed, chain cooling bed, push-pull cooling bed, has a simple structure, reliable operation, cost low features. Affirmed by the users at home and abroad.
Service Assurance
The CZPT Group the face of hundreds of users around the world have established efficient and professional service system. According to the customers’ needs and the actual situation to tailor the optimal solutions and provide the best quality equipment products, bear the guidance of a full set of production line equipment of metallurgical machinery installation, commissioning, maintain production, and implementation of the tracking service guarantee spare parts supply, provide timely and efficient service to customers around the world.
Pre-sale:
(1) customers with Division I professional to communicate and understand the needs of customers.
(2) technical staff to the the user site plHangZhou venue to provide the best solution.
(3) the optimal design of the hardware based on customer demand;
Sales:
(1) to provide the best quality products, the 2 sides of the acceptance of the product;
(2) to provide customers with a list of spare parts;
(3) to help customers develop the best on-site construction program.
Aftermarket:
(1) The to assign professional engineering staff, arrived at the scene to CZPT the installation and commissioning;
(2) Long-term real-time tracking of user field devices use to provide timely and effective life-long service to the user.
We have always been committed to providing customers with the best quality service, we will strive to provide better service for customers.
How to Calculate Stiffness, Centering Force, Wear and Fatigue Failure of Spline Couplings
There are various types of spline couplings. These couplings have several important properties. These properties are: Stiffness, Involute splines, Misalignment, Wear and fatigue failure. To understand how these characteristics relate to spline couplings, read this article. It will give you the necessary knowledge to determine which type of coupling best suits your needs. Keeping in mind that spline couplings are usually spherical in shape, they are made of steel.
Involute splines
An effective side interference condition minimizes gear misalignment. When 2 splines are coupled with no spline misalignment, the maximum tensile root stress shifts to the left by 5 mm. A linear lead variation, which results from multiple connections along the length of the spline contact, increases the effective clearance or interference by a given percentage. This type of misalignment is undesirable for coupling high-speed equipment.
Involute splines are often used in gearboxes. These splines transmit high torque, and are better able to distribute load among multiple teeth throughout the coupling circumference. The involute profile and lead errors are related to the spacing between spline teeth and keyways. For coupling applications, industry practices use splines with 25 to 50-percent of spline teeth engaged. This load distribution is more uniform than that of conventional single-key couplings.
To determine the optimal tooth engagement for an involved spline coupling, Xiangzhen Xue and colleagues used a computer model to simulate the stress applied to the splines. The results from this study showed that a “permissible” Ruiz parameter should be used in coupling. By predicting the amount of wear and tear on a crowned spline, the researchers could accurately predict how much damage the components will sustain during the coupling process.
There are several ways to determine the optimal pressure angle for an involute spline. Involute splines are commonly measured using a pressure angle of 30 degrees. Similar to gears, involute splines are typically tested through a measurement over pins. This involves inserting specific-sized wires between gear teeth and measuring the distance between them. This method can tell whether the gear has a proper tooth profile.
The spline system shown in Figure 1 illustrates a vibration model. This simulation allows the user to understand how involute splines are used in coupling. The vibration model shows 4 concentrated mass blocks that represent the prime mover, the internal spline, and the load. It is important to note that the meshing deformation function represents the forces acting on these 3 components.
Stiffness of coupling
The calculation of stiffness of a spline coupling involves the measurement of its tooth engagement. In the following, we analyze the stiffness of a spline coupling with various types of teeth using 2 different methods. Direct inversion and blockwise inversion both reduce CPU time for stiffness calculation. However, they require evaluation submatrices. Here, we discuss the differences between these 2 methods.
The analytical model for spline couplings is derived in the second section. In the third section, the calculation process is explained in detail. We then validate this model against the FE method. Finally, we discuss the influence of stiffness nonlinearity on the rotor dynamics. Finally, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each method. We present a simple yet effective method for estimating the lateral stiffness of spline couplings.
The numerical calculation of the spline coupling is based on the semi-analytical spline load distribution model. This method involves refined contact grids and updating the compliance matrix at each iteration. Hence, it consumes significant computational time. Further, it is difficult to apply this method to the dynamic analysis of a rotor. This method has its own limitations and should be used only when the spline coupling is fully investigated.
The meshing force is the force generated by a misaligned spline coupling. It is related to the spline thickness and the transmitting torque of the rotor. The meshing force is also related to the dynamic vibration displacement. The result obtained from the meshing force analysis is given in Figures 7, 8, and 9.
The analysis presented in this paper aims to investigate the stiffness of spline couplings with a misaligned spline. Although the results of previous studies were accurate, some issues remained. For example, the misalignment of the spline may cause contact damages. The aim of this article is to investigate the problems associated with misaligned spline couplings and propose an analytical approach for estimating the contact pressure in a spline connection. We also compare our results to those obtained by pure numerical approaches.
Misalignment
To determine the centering force, the effective pressure angle must be known. Using the effective pressure angle, the centering force is calculated based on the maximum axial and radial loads and updated Dudley misalignment factors. The centering force is the maximum axial force that can be transmitted by friction. Several published misalignment factors are also included in the calculation. A new method is presented in this paper that considers the cam effect in the normal force.
In this new method, the stiffness along the spline joint can be integrated to obtain a global stiffness that is applicable to torsional vibration analysis. The stiffness of bearings can also be calculated at given levels of misalignment, allowing for accurate estimation of bearing dimensions. It is advisable to check the stiffness of bearings at all times to ensure that they are properly sized and aligned.
A misalignment in a spline coupling can result in wear or even failure. This is caused by an incorrectly aligned pitch profile. This problem is often overlooked, as the teeth are in contact throughout the involute profile. This causes the load to not be evenly distributed along the contact line. Consequently, it is important to consider the effect of misalignment on the contact force on the teeth of the spline coupling.
The centre of the male spline in Figure 2 is superposed on the female spline. The alignment meshing distances are also identical. Hence, the meshing force curves will change according to the dynamic vibration displacement. It is necessary to know the parameters of a spline coupling before implementing it. In this paper, the model for misalignment is presented for spline couplings and the related parameters.
Using a self-made spline coupling test rig, the effects of misalignment on a spline coupling are studied. In contrast to the typical spline coupling, misalignment in a spline coupling causes fretting wear at a specific position on the tooth surface. This is a leading cause of failure in these types of couplings.
Wear and fatigue failure
The failure of a spline coupling due to wear and fatigue is determined by the first occurrence of tooth wear and shaft misalignment. Standard design methods do not account for wear damage and assess the fatigue life with big approximations. Experimental investigations have been conducted to assess wear and fatigue damage in spline couplings. The tests were conducted on a dedicated test rig and special device connected to a standard fatigue machine. The working parameters such as torque, misalignment angle, and axial distance have been varied in order to measure fatigue damage. Over dimensioning has also been assessed.
During fatigue and wear, mechanical sliding takes place between the external and internal splines and results in catastrophic failure. The lack of literature on the wear and fatigue of spline couplings in aero-engines may be due to the lack of data on the coupling’s application. Wear and fatigue failure in splines depends on a number of factors, including the material pair, geometry, and lubrication conditions.
The analysis of spline couplings shows that over-dimensioning is common and leads to different damages in the system. Some of the major damages are wear, fretting, corrosion, and teeth fatigue. Noise problems have also been observed in industrial settings. However, it is difficult to evaluate the contact behavior of spline couplings, and numerical simulations are often hampered by the use of specific codes and the boundary element method.
The failure of a spline gear coupling was caused by fatigue, and the fracture initiated at the bottom corner radius of the keyway. The keyway and splines had been overloaded beyond their yield strength, and significant yielding was observed in the spline gear teeth. A fracture ring of non-standard alloy steel exhibited a sharp corner radius, which was a significant stress raiser.
Several components were studied to determine their life span. These components include the spline shaft, the sealing bolt, and the graphite ring. Each of these components has its own set of design parameters. However, there are similarities in the distributions of these components. Wear and fatigue failure of spline couplings can be attributed to a combination of the 3 factors. A failure mode is often defined as a non-linear distribution of stresses and strains.
